Many religions exist in Imperial space.  These include various forms of historical Earth religions such as Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Humanism (legally considered a religion), Buddhism and so on.  New religions also exist, such as the Holy Gaian Church, the Abjurers, the Ascensionites, Singularists and Vehements.

The Holy Gaian Church teaches that humanity is the reproductive organ of Earth, which is itself an entity known as Gaia.  Humanity's function is to spread Gaia throughout the universe so as to ensure her survival.  On death, Gaians believe the soul leaves the body and is rejoined with the world soul, from where it may be reincarnated so as to further serve Gaia.  At the end of time, Gaia (if humanity fulfils its destiny) will encompass all reality and will become god and create the universe so as to give birth to itself.

Abjurers believe that the individual is responsible for their own meaning, and that the universe itself is intrinsically meaningless.  Abjurers sects differ on the existence of a god or supernatural phenomena, but tend towards stoicism and among the more fundamentalist puritanism.

Ascensionites believe that through the development of psionic and spiritual progress humanity will ascend beyond the material universe.  Ascenscionism is a proscribed faith.

Singularists believe that through technological development humanity will ascend beyond its material form, embracing a technological singularity beyond which humanity will exist in electronic form.  Singularism is a proscribed faith.

Vehements believe that in the interests of preserving the biodiversity of the galaxy humanity should become extinct, voluntarily if possible but involuntarily if necessary.  Vehementism is a proscribed faith.